Zambia’s President Hakainde Hichilema has been condemned by United Nations special rapporteurs for arbitrary jailing of critics, highlighting concerns about a shrinking space for dissent. The UN experts have documented over 26 cases of arrests of government critics since January 2022, citing charges of unlawful assembly, espionage, and hate speech. These detentions have been criticized for stifling freedom of expression and assembly, leading to self-censorship and political polarization. Notable among those jailed is Fred M’membe, leader of the Socialist Party of Zambia, who was recently released on charges of sedition. The rapporteurs expressed concern over intimidation of media outlets and journalists, along with assaults and harassment directed at opposition supporters. They urged the Zambian government to act within the law when addressing hate speech and maintaining stability, ensuring compliance with international human rights standards.