Broken Heart Syndrome: Mimicking a Heart Attack, But With a Different Cause

Broken heart syndrome, also known as Takotsubo cardiomyopathy or stress-induced cardiomyopathy, is a temporary heart muscle weakness that occurs after intense stress or emotional trauma. This condition can present with symptoms similar to a heart attack, including chest pain, shortness of breath, and irregular heartbeat. However, broken heart syndrome differs from a heart attack because it does not involve a blockage in the coronary arteries. This syndrome is more common in women, particularly after menopause, due to the decrease in protective effects of hormones like estrogen. Estrogen plays a crucial role in maintaining the elasticity and health of blood vessels in women. The decline in estrogen levels after menopause can make the heart more vulnerable to stress factors. While the symptoms of broken heart syndrome can be sudden and severe, most patients recover fully within a few weeks with supportive treatment.